نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه جغرافیا برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Extended Abstract
1. Introduction
Participatory management aims to fill the gaps caused by the shortcomings and mechanisms of traditional management by taking advantage of indicators such as accountability, justice, and a sense of ownership and lead today’s organization to the desired level of perfection. This management style is a crucial predictor for the emergence and development of the capabilities and dynamics of the organization, and many contemporary thinkers and classical theorists emphasized the importance of this issue. This type of participation lays the foundation for people’s mutual communication with urban management discussions. This beneficial and exciting experience in the administration of collective affairs stimulates the people’s desire to deal with more significant national works. It draws them to the large national contributions of the country by relying on the beneficial results they get from local participation. Therefore, in planning for participation, citizens’ informed and significance presence in different social, economic, welfare, and local fields should be one of city managers’ most important concerns and necessities.
2. Research Methodology
This applied study employed a descriptive-analytical research method. Data was collected using library and field research (a researcher-made questionnaire) techniques. The research population included all citizens over 18 years of age living in Behbahan City. Using Cochran’s formula, the sample size was determined to be 382 individuals. However, 400 participants were selected via a simple random sampling method to increase validity and reliability. Data were analyzed via statistical techniques (Cronbach’s alpha, Kendall’s tau-B, Kendall’s tau-C, Mann-Whitney, Pearson correlation, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients) in SPSS v.26.
3. Results and discussion
Pearson correlation coefficient determined the correlation coefficient between the two variables of lack of awareness and education and the degree of people’s participation in urban management in Behbahan to be 0.834, showing a strong and direct correlation between the two variables. With the increase in citizens’ education and awareness, their desire to participate in Behbahan urban management will also increase. Also, ethnicism is one of the obstacles to participatory management. The correlation coefficients obtained between the two variables, citizens’ ethnicity and non-participation, via Pearson correlation (0.821) and Spearman's rank coefficient of correlation (0.614) tests indicate a high and direct correlation between them, suggesting that in Behbahan, ethnicity is one of the most critical obstacles to citizens’ participation in urban management. Another obstacle to participatory management is adherence to the traditional management structure. The correlation coefficient between these two variables (traditional management structure and citizens’ participation in urban management) was also evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient, which shows a correlation coefficient of 0.768, indicating a strong and direct correlation between the two variables. It means that the desire to participate decreases with adherence to traditional management. Party influence is another category examined in this research as one of the barriers to participatory management of Behbahan City. It seems that the approach of city managers (except for the issue of elections) to participation is unfavorable. They do not want people’s participation because people’s lack of involvement in decision-making threatens the interests of self-interested managers (not all managers). By interfering in city councils’ decisions and electing mayors and other city managers for the party’s interests without considering meritocracy, partisanism causes a lack of trust and motivation for people’s participation in city management. According to the Pearson correlation coefficient, there is a significant relationship between the two variables of party influence and participatory management. Finally, there is a significant relationship between two other variables, i.e., unstable attitudes and opinions and the level of citizens’ participation in urban management. Finally, with another analysis, it was concluded that there is no relationship between people’s level of education and the desire to participate in urban management. The educated and sophisticated class of Behbahan City is unmotivated to participate in the management of their city. Among the reasons for this can be issues such as ethnicism, maintaining the traditional structure of management, not paying attention to the opinions of the young class, party influence, and the low awareness of the city managers regarding the abilities of this class.
4. Conclusion
Education, awareness-making, and correct information; motivation-creating and interest; trust-building between citizens and officials and strengthening of social trust; promotion of organizational culture; clarification and creation of play spaces for participation; and respect for all thoughts and attitudes of ethnicities and dialects without the slightest ethnic and party prejudices, all these general factors ad suggestions, can lead to the reduction of obstacles to participation and ultimately lead to the maximum increase in participation in urban management according to the local conditions and needs of the city.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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